Author Archives: Mark VandeWettering

Seven Signs of Bogus Science


I recently spotted this article
on the subject of spotting bogus science. It’s enormously easy to be hoodwinked by science, and these seven rules can help you spot the quacks from real science.

  1. The discoverer pitches the claim directly to the media.

  2. The discoverer says that a powerful establishment is trying to suppress his or her work.

  3. The scientific effect involved is always at the very limit of detection.

  4. Evidence for the discovery is anectdotal.

  5. The discoverer says a belief is credible because it has endured for centuries.

  6. The discoverer has worked in isolation.

  7. The discoverer must propose new laws of nature to explain an observation.

A nice concise ruleset, one which matches various Internet loons with a high degree of accuracy.

But then I’m just part of the scientific establishment working to keep ’em down.

Shockwave

Just for kicks, I tried creating a simple shockwave animation.

I generated this with ming via php. Bindings are
also available for Python and Ruby.

Okay, it’s pretty boring. But if it works, perhaps something better will be forthcoming.

FPGA Miscelleny

This is just a potpourri of FPGA related items.
I’m fairly interested in hardware design (although have not really done very much of it). I’ve been looking for some cheap programmable hardware, and found out about Digilent. They have boards based upon the Xilinx Spartan II FPGAs for around $100, and the Coolrunner CPLD for only $39. Xess Corporation has more boards, for a bit more buckage. You can also find cheap board layouts for a Spartan II evaluation board if you are more comfortable having boards fabbed (this one is only a 2 layer board, should be fairly economical to have manufactured). Some people are interested in using FPGAs for audio applications or for central processing units of your own design.

OLED displays…

oled-johncody2.jpg
The new up and coming display technology is Organic Light Emitting Diodes, or OLED displays. OLEDs will be cheaper to manufacture, have a much faster response time, don’t need to be backlit, draw less power, are brighter, and can be viewed over a much larger viewing angle. In short, they are very nearly the ideal display device. We’ve had a prototype here at Pixar for a while, and it is impressive. Kodak is the first vendor I know to announce a product with an OLED display, although I suspect that every cell phone in the universe will acquire these displays in the next year, with computer monitors following closely behind.

I can’t wait.


What are they teaching our children?




Allrighty, I know, if I am going to get irritated by the ignorance of human beings, I shouldn’t read Slashdot. A recent article detailed China’s desire to
mine the moon for minerals
. Never mind that it is absurd (can we name a single element so precious that it would justify the cost of rocket launches to bring it back from the moon. I would have expected someone to bring up that. But no, instead we get gems like the following.

Any of those more versed in physics than myself care to comment on what lowering the mass of the moon could do? I am sure not enough would be mined to raise the mass of the earth enough to cause problems, but wouldn’t a great enough reduction in lunar mass decrease the force of gravity between the earth and the moon, thus (possibely) destabilizing the orbit?

Sigh. Or how ’bout:

Presumably when they talk about “mining the moon” they are talking about going there to mine Helium 3. This is an isotope of helium which, if available in abundance, would be a perfect fuel for clean fusion power generation.

Except of course that nobody has built a working, controllable fusion reactor.

Economically this just doesn’t make sense. It’s hard to imagine the level of technology to make it make sense. Even the most difficult to mine natural resources of this planet will be cheaper to recover
than any resource from the moon or asteroids. Lunar mining is a pipe dream.

Bizarre Fish

oarfish.gif
I love to watch nature documentaries and the like on PBS, but most of them go over information that has been rehashed a million times. But just when you get complacent, you realize that there are still things out there which are big and yet largely unknown. One of the most unusual is the Oarfish, Regalecus glesne. Besides being huge (reported lengths of 17 meters, verified lengths of 8 meters), the oarfish has a beautiful silvery body and a long thin shape which is very odd.
It has been photographed by Jonathan Bird, and also by Navy divers (who caught it on video!).
I also recall seeing video of a barely alive specimen that washed up on the beach, but wasn’t able to find it online.

Listen to the engineers…


CNN is running a story today entitled CNN.com – Shuttle engineers warned of burning wing – Feb. 27, 2003.
It appears that serious doubts about the original analysis of wing damage to the shuttle were made right up until reentry, including a recomendation that they examine the damage
prior to reentry via an EVA and to prepare for a potential bailout.

It appears that these exchanges amongst shuttle engineers weren’t forwarded up the chain of command. Sigh.

The Music Industry

I was reading a Slashdot article this morning entitled A Music Industry Case Study, and was suddenly struck by the apparent absurdity of the term the Music Industry.

People never discuss “the Drawing Industry” or the “Sculpture Industry”. Why is music singled out in being labelled an Industry?

My online dictionary defines “industry” thusly:

in.dus.try
('in-(.)d*s-tr{e-})
Etymology: MF i[industrie] skill, employment involving skill, fr. L 
   i[industria] diligence, fr. i[industrius] diligent, fr. OL 
   i[indostruus], fr. i[indu] in + i[-struus] (akin to L 
   i[struere] to build) -- more at INDIGENOUS,  
   STRUCTURE]
1) n, diligence in an employment or pursuit
2) a) n, systematic labor esp. for the creation of value
   b) n, a department or branch of a craft, art, business, or
      manufacture; esp.: one that employs a large personnel and 
      capital esp. in manufacturing
   c) n, a distinct group of productive enterprises
   d) n, manufacturing activity as a whole

It appears that definition 2b comes the closest to an explanation.
The reason that we call the Music Industry an industry is that it employs vast amounts of capital and personnel to bring you the latest Britney Spears album. The music industry is a huge lumbering behemoth, supporting a wide array of musicians at levels far below minimum wage in an effort to find the few acts which they will promote into success.

Most of the people I know who are musicians have day jobs. Most don’t really complain that much about the lack of jobs or
money. They enjoy what they do. They’d do it for free. They’d do it if it cost them money (which it sometimes does, either directly or indirectly in the form of lost wages they could be receiving if they abandoned their musical aspirations).

People repeat the glib phrase “it’s all about the music”, but it obviously must be true, because to a first approximation, nobody makes any money at it. Frankly, I think music would be a lot better if we gave up the hope that it would be an industry, and accept it for what it is: art.

Space Object Identified!

In a previous article, I posted pictures taken by my friend Phil of the Orion Nebula and hypothesized that they were of a geosynchronous satellite. Afterwards, I posted a plea on sci.astro.satellites.visual-observe, and got a very nice response from Ed Cannon (who also took the trouble to post here, but I missed it! Doh!) identifying it as the Canadian communications satellite
Anik F1. It’s position and magnitude estimates seem right on the money to me. It’s a big sucker, with its solar cells unfurled it measures over 132 ft by 29.5 feet. .

Belated thanks to Ed Cannon!

Bird Pictures

Feb15162.JPG
Carmen noticed some interesting raptors perched on our back fence and asked me where my binoculars were. I have a pair of nice Celestron 7×50 binos that I use for astronomy, but I also have a nice tripod mounted set of WWII 10×50 spotting binoculars. We spied on the bird for a while, and I got the idea of snapping some pictures with my super cheap digicam. Since the camera is fixed focus at infinity, you can just put it up to the eyepiece and click. Here is the resulting picture (kind of dark, as it was late in the day).

There are tons of dust specks in the image. This is because the image plane is
very close to one of the surfaces of the eyepieces, so the dust on that surface
is in sharp focus. I really need to break this apart and clean them someday
when I am feeling brave.

Smoke Detector Can Save Your Life!

lifesaver!
Some things you just don’t think about until they save your life. On Valentine’s Day my wife and I were awoken at 3:30 by our smoke detector going off. Yours truly, idiot that he is, had gone to bed and left a candle burning on the mantlepiece downstairs. Some hot wax had melted off and caught a big box of maches on fire and set the wall on fire. Because our smoke alarm went off, we were able ot put out the fire, and the damage was confined to a scorched wall which a little spackle, retexturing and a quick paint job have rendered good as new.

It could have been much, much worse. I urge you all to go out and buy a fire extinguisher and to check the batteries in all your smoke detectors. The lives they save could be the yours and the ones you love. It happened to me.

Happy Birthday Charles Darwin!

Charles Darwin
On February 12, 1809, Charles Darwin was born. I think a strong argument could be made that Darwin is the most influential scientist of all time. He postulated that the complex biosphere we
observe is the result of understandable physical processes that we can study and observe at work throughout the long history of life on our planet. His contributions formed the basis for all of biology, and his keen insights provided the basis for understanding the nature of life around us.

“There is grandeur in this view of life, with its several powers, having been originally breathed into a few forms or into one; and that, whilst this planet has gone cycling on according to the fixed law of gravity, from so simple a beginning endless forms most beautiful and most wonderful have been, and are being, evolved.”

Origin of Species, 1859

Oh, and some American president
was born on the same day, but he really is of minor importance compared to Darwin.

It’s important to have an opinion…

I’ve recently come to the conclusion that most people believe that it is more important to have an immediate and distinct opinion rather than an actual informed opinion. This was brought home to me in the aftermath of the Columbia disaster, when various newsgroups like
sci.space.shuttle were flooded with premature speculations and cries for the heads of NASA management, long before any sober consideration of the facts was possible.

Of course if you are looking for this kind of thing, there is no better place than Slashdot. Case in point, the recent article Slashdot | Pixar Eclipses Sun with Linux/Intel
The resulting flood of messages runs a wide gamut, but many fo the articles which were moderated up held little information, or even actual misinformation.

SuperDug comments:

I was under the impression…

That Sun had tried renderman (or whatever they call it) to run on 32 bit processors and it was a horrible disaster. Something about how it seemed more feasible and cost efficient to use Sun until the days in which the competiting 64 bit processors became cheaper.

I could have sworn that the software couldn’t run at all in 64 bit. I’m just wondering if they didn’t take a step down when they converted 64-bit optimized code to run on regular high cache 32-bit pentiums.

First of all, Sun doesn’t own or develop RenderMan. Pixar Animation Studios does. Until a few
years back, Sun platforms made up the bulk of RenderMan sales. The availability of cheap Intel
boxes and the maturing of Linux as an inexpensive operating system have made it a choice which
a large number of RenderMan customers now use.

RenderMan is a very portable system, the history of which goes back at least 15 years. It has been ported to 64 bit machines, including the DEC Alpha and the Sparc.

TheRaven64 opines:

I’m actually a little surprised they use general purpose CPUs for this kind of task. I’d have thought that a load of custom DSPs might be faster, and probably cheaper – How about 1 DSP per pixel (About 10 million?). I’m sure that would really zip along, if they could sort out the memory access issues inherent in this kind of application. Ray tracing is perfect for parallel execution, since each pixel really is independent of each other pixel, and each frame is likewise independent.

This is a particularly silly opinion because it sounds plausible unless you actually know anything about the scale and scope of what actually producing a movie entails. Pixar used to manufacture special purpose computer graphics hardware. They lost money and they stopped. In its place they created a new portable rendering system, and then have ridden 15 years of Moore’s law to make it 1000 times faster, merely by expending the time of a mid-range software guy to spend a few weeks porting to each new architecture. If the commentor could describe how Pixar could construct
custom hardware with releases every 18 months that double in speed cheaper than that, then I’d like to hear from him.

As for the old parallel raytracing comment, people who make this comment have never tried to write rendering software, particularly software that can handle the large scenes which are typical of movie production. In principle such an application is trivially parallelizable, but the reality has lots of details which are hard to manage.

nntp//rss

I like to peruse sweetcode, a very nice website that contains pointers to interesting but perhaps not very well known software projects. During a recent browse, I noticed a link to a project called nntp//rss. Interestingly enough, it provided a gateway that allowed you to access RSS feeds via NNTP from your favorite newsreader. For a lark, I decided to give it a download.

On this website, I use Movable Type which allows the
publication of RSS feeds, and also has a plugin that allows you to merge other RSS feeds to your homepage. I use it to merge the feeds I use most (Slashdot, freshmeat, CNN, and Reuters Science) on my homepage, which keeps from having to use a different portal site. I’ve been toying with
expanding my knowledge and use of RSS feeds, as they seem an interesting way to combine information from many websites.

Originally, I didn’t think that nntp//rss would be all that useful. After all, I nearly always have a web browser open, and therefore I could always get my webfeeds by merely accessing this site. But I found out that I was wrong.

nntp//rss is nice because it capitalizes on one fact I hadn’t considered: I have my mailbox (via Netscape or Mozilla) open even more often than I have a web browser up. I can now
see if there are any new postings on slashdot or freshmeat by merely glancing at the overview.
I find that to be rather cool!

I exchanged a brief thank you to the author, Jason Brome, and made a couple of suggestions which seemed obvious: the ability to actually post to the weblog via the normal NNTP interface. This could be done by a XMLRPC<->NNTP gateway using the Blogger API. This has at least one
major advantage over the normal way of posting: I could use my normal nntp client (slrn, which
uses my normal Unix editor) to enter new messages, and not have to struggle with trying to
type and edit inside of HTML text boxes.

Anyway, you can see what this looks like by using https://brainwagon.org as an NNTP server. You’ll only get a couple of websites, but it will show what the idea is.

Nifty stuff!

Man vs. Machine

Kasparov fights to a draw in a six game match against Deep Junior. I’m not a very good chess player myself, but I spent a fair amount of time as an undergraduate studying heuristic search, so I am always interested when matches such as this occurs.

Whenever such matches occur, there is a flood of activity on newsgroups and weblogs. Invariably these fall into a couple of simple categories:

  • It’s not really AI, the chess program just used brute force. I once heard that AI research was just research into writing programs for which we don’t as yet have good solutions: once we have a solution, it’s just software engineering. I find this comment kind of interesting though, because you don’t see people arguing about cars being able to go faster than humans can run being somehow “unfair”. Humans seem awfully testy when confronted with the idea that something could be smarter than them, although we’ve grown accustomed to the idea of stuff being stronger or faster than we are.

  • Chess programs aren’t interesting. It’s all a solved problem.
    I recently became interested in computer chess about a decade of lassitude, and was shocked to find that a number of rather interesting improvements in chess implementation have occurred. They are very interesting programs that require a great deal of finesse and skill to create.


  • Chess is simply too easy. They’ll never beat humans at go!

    Go is usually used as the last stand for humans because

    • There are humans who are very good at it.
    • The large branching factor makes minimax and variations intractable.

    I think that this could be mistaken on a couple of levels. Perhaps even the top humans aren’t very good at go. It may be that they are only better than other humans. It seems odd to me to suggest that adding a machine capable of flawlessly examining millions of board combinations per second could in no way increase the quality of play of go players, perhaps at all levels.

Anyway, just some rambling thoughts. Some links:
the Computer Go Ladder
, GNU go, and Computer Chess Programming references.